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1 marble furnace
Силикатное производство: печь для обжига керамических изделий "под мрамор" -
2 marble furnace
piec zasilany kulkami -
3 piec zasilany kulkami
• marble furnaceSłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > piec zasilany kulkami
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4 печь для обжига керамических изделий под мрамор
Silicates: marble furnaceУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > печь для обжига керамических изделий под мрамор
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5 aggregate
1) заполнитель, инертный материал ( бетона)3) агрегат; комплект (машин и т. п.)4) общий, сборный5) полный, суммарный6) собирать, сочленять, соединять•- all-in aggregate - angular aggregate - angular coarse aggregate - artificially-graded aggregate - ballast aggregate - bituminized aggregate - blast-furnace slag aggregate - bloating clay aggregate - breeze aggregate - calcareous aggregate - clinker aggregate - coarse aggregate - concrete aggregate - crushed aggregate - crushed rock aggregate - cyclopean aggregate - dense-graded aggregate - discrete aggregate - elongated aggregate - filling aggregate - fine aggregate - flat aggregate - foam slag aggregate - fully-graded aggregate - gravel aggregate - hard aggregate - heavyweight aggregate - inert aggregate - light aggregate - lightweight aggregate - loose aggregate - marble aggregate - mineral aggregate - mortar aggregate - natural aggregate - ordinary cinder aggregate - organic aggregates - plastic aggregate - polystyrene foam balls aggregate - porous aggregate - pozzolanic aggregate - prepacked aggregate - pumice aggregate - reactive aggregate - rock aggregate - rounded coarse aggregate - separated aggregate - soft aggregate - surface-dry aggregate - ungraded aggregate - vermiculite aggregate - well-graded fine aggregate* * *1. заполнитель ( бетона)2. конгломерат, смесь- aggregate of broken concrete
- abrasive aggregate
- alkali-reactive aggregates
- all-in aggregate
- angular aggregate
- artificial aggregate
- artificial coarse aggregate
- blast-furnace coarse aggregate
- blast-furnace slag aggregate
- bloating clay aggregate
- carbonaceous aggregate
- catalyzed aggregate
- cinder aggregate
- clean aggregate
- clinker aggregate
- coarse aggregate
- coarse-graded aggregate
- colliery spoil aggregate
- continuously graded aggregate
- crushed aggregate
- crushed stone aggregate
- cubical aggregate
- cyclopean aggregate
- decorative aggregate
- densely-graded aggregate
- dense-graded aggregate
- elongated aggregate
- fair-faced concrete aggregate
- fair-faced aggregate
- fine aggregate
- fine-graded aggregate
- flaky aggregate
- foam slag aggregate
- furnace cinder aggregate
- gap-graded aggregate
- glassy volcanic aggregates
- graded aggregate
- heated aggregates
- heavyweight aggregate
- high density aggregate
- highly absorptive aggregates
- interlock aggregate
- irregular aggregate
- lightweight aggregate
- lightweight expanded clay aggregate
- load-bearing aggregate
- low-grade aggregate
- metallic aggregate
- metal aggregate
- natural aggregate
- open-graded aggregate
- organic aggregates
- plastic aggregate
- porous aggregate
- pozzolanic aggregate
- pumice aggregate
- reactive aggregate
- recycled from left-over concrete aggregate
- rounded aggregate
- saturated surface-dry aggregate
- single-sized aggregate
- sintered PFA aggregate
- special-purpose aggregates
- surface-dry aggregate
- vermiculite aggregate
- well-graded aggregate -
6 πλάξ
A anything flat and broad, esp. flat land, plain,πᾶσαν ἠπείρου πλάκα A.Pers. 718
; Φλεγραίαν π. Id.Eu. 295; νυχίαν π., of Psyttaleia (fort. μυχίαν), Id.Pers. 953 (lyr.);πλακὸς ὑλίας Berl.Sitzb.1927.7
([dialect] Locr., v B.C.);νεκύων πλάκα S.OC 1564
(lyr.); νεκρῶν πλάκες ib. 1577 (lyr.); also of sea and sky, πόντου πλάξ the ocean- plain, Pi.P.1.24 ; ; ποντία, πελαγία π., E.Fr.578.4, Ar.Ra. 1438;κατ' Αἰγαίην πόντου πλάκα BMus.Inscr.1012
(Chalcedon, i B.C./i A.D.);αἰθερία πλάξ E. El. 1349
(anap.); flat top of a hill, table-land, Σουνίου, Οἴτης π., S.Aj. 1220, Ph. 1430; ; ἀπ' ἄκρας πυργώδους πλακός from the flat top of the towering hill, S.Tr. 273;τὰς π. τοῦ ὄρους Ant.Lib.4.1
.2 flat stone, tablet,ἐργώνας τᾶν πλακῶν τᾶς τομᾶς εἰς τὸν ὀχετόν IG42(1).109
iii 154 (Epid., iii B.C.);π. ἐπιγεγραμμέναι OGI672.12
(Egypt, i A.D.), cf. Luc.Somn.3, etc.; of the Tables of the Jewish Law, αἱ π. τοῦ μαρτυρίου, τῆς διαθήκης, LXXEx. 31.18, Ep.Hebr.9.4;λίθων πλαξὶ λείαις Luc.Am.12
;οὐκ ἐν πλαξὶν λιθίναις ἀλλ' ἐν π. καρδίας 2 Ep.Cor.3.3
; tombstone, AP7.324, cf. IG 12(5).329 (pl., Paros): pl., slabs of marble, Chor.p.89 B., cf. eund. in Rev.Phil.1877.79; ὥσπερ μαρμάρου π., of ice, Jul.Mis. 341b.b πλάκες χρυσίου gold plates, Str.4.2.1;σαπφείροιο D.P.1105
; ἡ ἐντὸς π. τῶν κογχυλίων the inner surface.., Thphr.Sens.73.c ἡ π. τοῦ βαλανίου τούτου prob. part of the furnace, PMag.Osl.1.340. d. pl., flakes of ἀρσενικὸν τὸ πλακῶδες, Dsc.5.104.4 κοπτῆς πλάκες,πλακοῦντες, AP12.212 (Strat.). (Cf. Lett. plakt 'become flat'.) -
7 Böttger, Johann Friedrich
SUBJECT AREA: Domestic appliances and interiors[br]b. 4 February 1682 Scheiz, Germanyd. 13 March 1719 Dresden, Germany[br]German inventor of Meissen porcelain.[br]After the early death of his father, Böttger spent his childhood in Magdeburg, where he received instruction in mathematics, fortification and pyrotechnics. He spent twelve years with the apothecary F.Zorn in Berlin, where there was a flourishing colony of alchemists. Böttger became an adept himself and claimed to have achieved transmutations into gold by 1701.In March 1702 Böttger moved near to Dresden, in the service of August II, Elector of Saxony and King of Poland. While there, he made friends with E.W.von Tschirnhaus (1651–1708), scientist and possessor of glass-and ironworks. It was this association that led eventually to the founding of the celebrated Meissen porcelain factory. By 1708, Böttger had succeeded in making fine red stoneware by adding a flux, alabaster or marble, to infusible Saxony clay. By varying his raw materials, and in particular in using white china clay from the Erzgebirge, he obtained the first European true, hard, white porcelain, which had eluded European workers for centuries. At the same time he improved the furnace to achieve a temperature of around 1,350°C. To exploit his discovery, the Meissen factory was set up in 1710 and its products began to be marketed in 1713. Böttger managed the factory until his death in 1719, although throughout the period of experimentation and exploitation he had worked in conditions of great secrecy, in a vain attempt to preserve the secret of the process.[br]Further ReadingC.A.Engelhardt, 1837, J.F.Böttger: Erfinder des sachsischen Porzellan, Leipzig; reprinted 1982, Verlag Weidlich (the classic biography).K.Hoffman, 1985, Johann Friedrich Böttger: von Alchemistengold zum weissenPorzellan, Berlin: Verlag Neues Leben.LRDBiographical history of technology > Böttger, Johann Friedrich
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8 Howden, James
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. 29 February 1832 Prestonpans, East Lothian, Scotlandd. 21 November 1913 Glasgow, Scotland[br]Scottish engineer and boilermaker, inventor of the forced-draught system for the boiler combustion chamber.[br]Howden was educated in Prestonpans. While aged only 14 or 15, he travelled across Scotland by canal to Glasgow, where he served an engineering apprenticeship with James Gray \& Co. In 1853 he completed his time and for some months served with the civil engineers Bell and Miller, and then with Robert Griffiths, a designer of screw propellers for ships. In 1854, at the age of 22, Howden set up as a consulting engineer and designer. He designed a rivet-making machine from which he realized a fair sum by the sale of patent rights, this assisting him in converting the design business into a manufacturing one. His first contract for a marine engine came in 1859 for the compound steam engine and the watertube boilers of the Anchor Liner Ailsa Craig. This ship operated at 100 psi (approximately 7 kg/cm2), well above the norm for those days. James Howden \& Co. was formed in 1862. Despite operating in the world's most competitive market, the new company remained prosperous through the flow of inventions in marine propulsion. Shipbuilding was added to the company's list of services, but such work was subcontracted. Work was obtained from all the great shipping companies building in the Glasgow region, and with such throughput Howden's could afford research and experimentation. This led to the Howden hot-air forced-draught system, whereby furnace waste gases were used to heat the air being drawn into the combustion chambers. The first installation was on the New York City, built in 1885 for West Indian service. Howden's fertile mind brought about a fully enclosed high-speed marine steam engine in the 1900s and, shortly after, the Howden-Zoelly impulse steam turbine for land operation. Until his death, Howden worked on many technical and business problems: he was involved in the St Helena Whaling Company, marble quarrying in Greece and in the design of a recoilless gun for the Admiralty.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHowden was the last surviving member of the group who founded the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland in 1857.BibliographyHowden contributed several papers to the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland.Further ReadingC.W.Munn, 1986, "James Howden", Dictionary of Scottish Business Biography, Vol. I, Aberdeen.FMW
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